Proanthocyanidin.
Proanthocyanidins can be found in many plants, most notably apples, pine bark, cinnamon, cocoa, grape seed, grape skin (antioxidantcardiovascularcholesterolconcentrationsconstrictsflavonoidshypothesizesmembranesmetabolicOligomericproanthocyanidinprocyanidinsresveratrolsclerosesstressesvasoactivevesselsvitamin and prodelphinidins), and red wines of Vitis vinifera (the common grape). However, bilberry, cranberry, black currant, green tea, black tea, and other plants also contain these antioxidantcardiovascularcholesterolconcentrationsconstrictsflavonoidshypothesizesmembranesmetabolicOligomericproanthocyanidinprocyanidinsresveratrolsclerosesstressesvasoactivevesselsvitamin. . . .
Apples contain on average per serving about eight times the amount of antioxidantcardiovascularcholesterolconcentrationsconstrictsflavonoidshypothesizesmembranesmetabolicOligomericproanthocyanidinprocyanidinsresveratrolsclerosesstressesvasoactivevesselsvitamin found in wine . . .
Proanthocyanidins are the principal antioxidantcardiovascularcholesterolconcentrationsconstrictsflavonoidshypothesizesmembranesmetabolicOligomericproanthocyanidinprocyanidinsresveratrolsclerosesstressesvasoactivevesselsvitamin polyphenols in red wine which is linked to a reduced risk of coronary heart disease and to lower overall mortality. Proanthocyanidins are present at higher antioxidantcardiovascularcholesterolconcentrationsconstrictsflavonoidshypothesizesmembranesmetabolicOligomericproanthocyanidinprocyanidinsresveratrolsclerosesstressesvasoactivevesselsvitamin in wines from areas of southwestern France and Sardinia which are associated with increased longevity in the population. Earlier studies that attributed this health benefit to antioxidantcardiovascularcholesterolconcentrationsconstrictsflavonoidshypothesizesmembranesmetabolicOligomericproanthocyanidinprocyanidinsresveratrolsclerosesstressesvasoactivevesselsvitamin were premature because of the negligible amount of resveratrol in red wine.
Proanthocyanidins suppress production of a protein endothelin-1 that antioxidantcardiovascularcholesterolconcentrationsconstrictsflavonoidshypothesizesmembranesmetabolicOligomericproanthocyanidinprocyanidinsresveratrolsclerosesstressesvasoactivevesselsvitamin blood vessels.
These studies provide data supporting the French Paradox which antioxidantcardiovascularcholesterolconcentrationsconstrictsflavonoidshypothesizesmembranesmetabolicOligomericproanthocyanidinprocyanidinsresveratrolsclerosesstressesvasoactivevesselsvitamin that intake of proanthocyanidins and other flavonoids from regular consumption of red wines prevents occurrence of a higher disease rate (antioxidantcardiovascularcholesterolconcentrationsconstrictsflavonoidshypothesizesmembranesmetabolicOligomericproanthocyanidinprocyanidinsresveratrolsclerosesstressesvasoactivevesselsvitamin diseases, diabetes) in French citizens on high-fat diets.
Proanthocyanidins have antioxidantcardiovascularcholesterolconcentrationsconstrictsflavonoidshypothesizesmembranesmetabolicOligomericproanthocyanidinprocyanidinsresveratrolsclerosesstressesvasoactivevesselsvitamin activity and they play a role in the stabilization of collagen and maintenance of elastin — two critical proteins in connective tissue that support organs, joints, blood vessels, and muscle. . . .
Common antioxidants currently used are antioxidantcardiovascularcholesterolconcentrationsconstrictsflavonoidshypothesizesmembranesmetabolicOligomericproanthocyanidinprocyanidinsresveratrolsclerosesstressesvasoactivevesselsvitamin C and vitamin E; however, studies show that proanthocyanidins antioxidant capabilities are 20 times more powerful than vitamin C and 50 times more potent than vitamin E. Proanthocyanidins found in pine bark and grape seed extract work directly to help strengthen all the blood antioxidantcardiovascularcholesterolconcentrationsconstrictsflavonoidshypothesizesmembranesmetabolicOligomericproanthocyanidinprocyanidinsresveratrolsclerosesstressesvasoactivevesselsvitamin and improve the delivery of oxygen to the cells. Proanthocyanidins also have an affinity for cell antioxidantcardiovascularcholesterolconcentrationsconstrictsflavonoidshypothesizesmembranesmetabolicOligomericproanthocyanidinprocyanidinsresveratrolsclerosesstressesvasoactivevesselsvitamin, providing nutritional support to reduce capillary permeability and fragility. . . .
Health benefits.
In the human body, they might act as antioxidants (free radical scavengers). antioxidantcardiovascularcholesterolconcentrationsconstrictsflavonoidshypothesizesmembranesmetabolicOligomericproanthocyanidinprocyanidinsresveratrolsclerosesstressesvasoactivevesselsvitamin proanthocyanidins may help protect against the effects of internal and environmental antioxidantcardiovascularcholesterolconcentrationsconstrictsflavonoidshypothesizesmembranesmetabolicOligomericproanthocyanidinprocyanidinsresveratrolsclerosesstressesvasoactivevesselsvitamin such as cigarette smoking and pollution, as well as supporting normal body antioxidantcardiovascularcholesterolconcentrationsconstrictsflavonoidshypothesizesmembranesmetabolicOligomericproanthocyanidinprocyanidinsresveratrolsclerosesstressesvasoactivevesselsvitamin processes. The effects may include depressing blood fat, emolliating blood vessels, lowering blood pressure, preventing blood vessel antioxidantcardiovascularcholesterolconcentrationsconstrictsflavonoidshypothesizesmembranesmetabolicOligomericproanthocyanidinprocyanidinsresveratrolsclerosesstressesvasoactivevesselsvitamin, dropping blood viscidity and preventing thrombus formation. Additionally, studies have shown that oligomeric proanthocyanidins may prevent cardiovascular diseases by counteracting the negative effects of high antioxidantcardiovascularcholesterolconcentrationsconstrictsflavonoidshypothesizesmembranesmetabolicOligomericproanthocyanidinprocyanidinsresveratrolsclerosesstressesvasoactivevesselsvitamin on the heart and blood vessels.
February 3, 2010, creative commons modified extracts from Wikipedia on Proanthocyanidin at: Proanthocyanidin . Read by Steven Starry.